Knowledge

1. Key features of Final speakers

Final has made significant advancements in electrostatic speaker technology, introducing a series of engineering innovations that improve sound quality, durability, and installation flexibility.

Advanced Materials and Technologies

Stators – Most electrostatic speakers use metal stators, which can corrode over time. Final takes a different approach by manufacturing stators from Perspex, a material that can be produced with extremely tight tolerances to ensure a perfectly flat surface. This flatness is essential for maintaining a uniform electrostatic field across the entire panel. Perspex also offers excellent acoustic damping, unlike metal, which naturally resonates.
Conductive coating - Because Perspex is non-conductive, Final can make only specific areas conductive by precision-printing sections of the panel. This allows them to create very narrow tweeter sections for improved high-frequency dispersion—traditionally a weakness of electrostatic speakers. The various printed sections also have different widths to help distribute and reduce resonances.
Frames – The frames are made from extruded aluminium, providing superior strength and rigidity. This construction ensures exceptional straightness and helps reduce vibrations that could affect sound quality.
Diaphragm – Final’s ultra-thin diaphragm is made from Teonex, a material stronger and lighter than Mylar. It is coated with ITO (indium tin oxide)—the same transparent conductive material used on aircraft windows—making it fully resistant to UV light. As a result, Final’s electrostatic panels are built to last a lifetime.
Multi-tap audio transformers – The audio transformers used in Final speakers have multiple sections for the different sections of the panel, providing tailor made signals for each frequency band.
Auto Power-Off – To conserve energy, extend component longevity and reduce the accumulation of dust by electrostatic attraction, the panels automatically switch off after one minute without audio input. They reactivate within seconds when sound returns.
Advanced protection – All Finals have an advanced protection system that monitors the incoming signal and reduces the current to the panels if something might go wrong. The full range models have an additional fuse protection for the bass sections.
Bass Cabinets – In the hybrid models, the bass cabinets are crafted from extruded aluminium, with some components made from stainless steel to eliminate resonance and maximize structural strength. All cabinets feature aperiodic bass loading, allowing for a smaller enclosure than a sealed design but offering faster, more dynamic bass than a traditional bass-reflex system.
Bass Drivers – All hybrid models use aluminium bass drivers with a cast basket and an oversized magnet, delivering powerful, dynamic, and low-distortion bass performance.

Ultra-Lightweight, Thin Form Factor

Thanks to advanced materials and precision manufacturing, Final has engineered a driver that is exceptionally thin and light. The acoustic panel itself is only 6 mm thick, with the supporting frame measuring 30 mm. This slim profile allows the speakers to be mounted flush against walls, making them ideal companions for modern flat-panel TVs—many of which lack high-quality built-in audio systems.

Flat vs. Curved Stator Design

Final advocates for a flat stator architecture. Unlike curved stators found in some electrostatic designs, flat stators maintain a consistent gap between the diaphragm and the stators. This uniform spacing ensures symmetric movement of the diaphragm, reducing distortion, phase irregularities and maintaining linearity across the entire surface.

The result is smoother frequency response, better off-axis performance, and more accurate reproduction of the original audio signal.

2. Why You Should Choose a Final Electrostatic Speaker

Electrostatic speakers are not just ordinary speakers—they are a true game-changer. Originally developed for audiophiles and sound professionals, they deliver pure, uncolored audio that can completely transform your listening experience.

Final speakers offer exceptional sound quality. With very few crossover components to interfere with the signal, they provide unmatched clarity and richness. You can hear every note and nuance as if you were right there in the studio.

Built with advanced, durable materials, Final speakers are designed to last. They resist dust and UV light, ensuring outstanding sound performance for years with minimal maintenance.

They are also energy efficient. Final speakers automatically power down when not in use, helping extend their lifespan while reducing energy consumption.

Enjoy immersive sound that fills your entire room. Final speakers move a significant amount of air, creating a deep, engaging audio experience that makes you feel truly connected to the music.

And best of all, Final electrostatic speakers deliver top-tier performance at an affordable price. Experience a wide soundstage, detailed audio, and fast, responsive bass—all in a lightweight design that’s easy to place or move.

3. How to position your speakers?

Most high-quality speakers can create a realistic soundstage, allowing you to hear instruments and voices clearly—much like at a live performance. The best setups can even create a sense of height, making a voice sound higher than a drum or placing instruments in distinct positions. To achieve this effect, your speakers, electronics, and cables must all work together. If the setup is not properly tuned, you may only hear sound coming from the speakers rather than experiencing an immersive soundstage.

Why Electrostatic Speakers Are Unique

Electrostatic speakers are especially good at producing a wide and detailed soundstage, but they need adequate space from the back of their panels to the wall behind them to perform best. We recommend placing them 60 to 100 cm away from the wall to ensure the best sound quality and imaging. They can however be placed relatively closer to side walls than most loudspeakers without too much trouble.

The Listening “Triangle”

To fully enjoy the spacious soundstage of Final loudspeakers, place the speakers 1,5 to 2,5 meters apart. Your listening position should be one to two times the distance between the speakers.

This creates an ideal “listening triangle,” helping the sound from both speakers blend smoothly. Sitting too close, or placing the speakers too far apart, can create a gap—or a “hole”—in the sound image. Proper spacing ensures a balanced, immersive listening experience.

Fine-Tuning With Speaker Angles

You can improve your soundstage further by adjusting the angle of your speakers. When a speaker sits perfectly parallel to the wall, it has no “toe-in.” Rotating the speakers slightly toward your listening position can greatly enhance clarity, imaging, and overall realism.

Avoid Corners

Avoid placing speakers in room corners. Corners amplify bass frequencies, which can muddy the overall sound. Electrostatic speakers need open space to deliver their signature clarity.

Subwoofer Placement

There is no single perfect location for a subwoofer but placing it near the main speakers usually helps create a smoother blend. If the subwoofer is too far away, you may hear the bass as a separate source, which disrupts the listening experience. The goal is for the bass to support the sound—not overpower it.

Final Hybrid Speakers: Optimized for Performance

Final hybrid speakers combine electrostatic panels with built-in subwoofers, and they also benefit from thoughtful placement. If positioned too close to a wall, the bass may become too dominant. Adjust the distance to achieve a natural and balanced sound.

By following these placement tips, you can enjoy a rich, immersive listening experience and get the best performance from your electrostatic speakers.

4. The ideal cut off for Hybrid and Active models

In hybrid speaker systems, there is no single “perfect” crossover point between the flat electrostatic panels and the woofers. The ideal frequency varies depending on the type of drivers used. In general, crossover points can range anywhere from 30 Hz to 500 Hz. Some hybrid designs that use ribbon drivers can even reach crossover points as high as 1200 Hz.

Final’s electrostatic panels are engineered to operate from very low frequencies, which reduces the need for higher crossover points.

Model 3+ begins at 150 Hz
Model 5+ begins at 130 Hz
Model 7+ begins at 120 Hz

Because the panels can play so low, they help avoid the coloration and distortion that traditional cone drivers often introduce in the midrange.

Why Crossover Points Matter

The crossover frequency plays a major role in overall sound quality. Subwoofers project sound in many directions, which can make it difficult to create a consistent, natural sound throughout the room. Choosing the right crossover point helps keep the audio balanced and prevents certain frequencies from sounding too prominent or muddy.

Understanding how crossover points work—and how Final designs its hybrid systems—allows you to get the most out of your speakers and enjoy a more accurate, engaging listening experience.

5. Understanding speaker types: Passive, Active, and Hybrid?

Choosing new speakers can be overwhelming, especially with the wide range of options available today—including electrostatic models.

Final simplifies this by offering two main product series:

The Resoné Series, which includes Passive, Active, and Hybrid speakers
The Prestige Series, which includes only Passive speakers

Passive Speakers

All passive speakers require an external amplifier. This gives you the freedom to pair them with the amplifier of your choice, allowing for more customization in your audio setup.

Hybrid Speakers

Within the Resoné Series, Final also offers Hybrid models. These combine an electrostatic panel with a dynamic subwoofer, giving you the clarity of electrostatic sound along with the deep, powerful bass of a traditional woofer. This design creates a fuller, more balanced listening experience.

Active Speakers

The Resoné Series also includes Active versions. These speakers come with custom-built internal amplifiers, perfectly matched to the electrostatic panels. This makes setup extremely easy—simply connect the speakers to your pre-amp or streamer and you’re ready to enjoy a well-balanced, high-quality sound without needing any external amplification.

Understanding the differences between passive, active, and hybrid speakers can help you choose the system that best fits your needs and listening style.

6. Electrostatic speakers and amplifiers

How do you choose the right amplifier for your electrostatic speakers?

Every listener has different preferences. Some people simply choose an amplifier that gives them the sound they enjoy—and that’s perfectly fine. Others want their system to reproduce music as naturally and realistically as possible. For them, selecting the right amplifier becomes an important and thoughtful process.

Finding the ideal match for electrostatic speakers takes both listening and experience, as different amplifiers have different sonic characteristics.

How Much Power Do I Need?

You won’t need an oversized amplifier to enjoy Final loudspeakers. With an efficiency of 88 dB / 1m / 1W and a nominal impedance of 6 Ohms, they are quite easy to drive.

Remember, quality matters more than sheer power, and amplifier stability is even more important. A stable amplifier will double its power output when the load drops by half—an indication that it can handle changes in speaker impedance.

Electrostatic panels typically dip to around 3 Ohms at higher frequencies, but because there is very little energy in this range, most well-designed amplifiers have no trouble managing it.

We generally recommend using an amplifier between 50 and 150 watts. More powerful amplifiers can also be used safely, as long as you listen at normal levels (below ~90 dB) and reduce the volume if you hear any signs of distortion.

Types of Amplifiers

Different types of amplifiers exist for different tastes and uses cases. We will detail a few:

Class A Amplifiers - Known for their warm, smooth sound. They typically offer excellent detail and natural tone but can have lower power output and low efficiency (they get hot!).
Class AB Amplifiers - Very common and versatile with lots of power in most cases and the best models come very close to pure class A performance.
Class D Amplifiers - Efficient, powerful and strong in the lower frequencies. Modern Class D designs can sound very clean and controlled.

Tube Amplifiers

Tube amplifiers often create a large, open soundstage and can sound either warm or neutral depending on the design. Many people enjoy their musical and natural presentation, but they are not the most logical match with Final loudspeakers. Try a few different models and compare with solid state options around the same price level.

What to Listen For

If you want your system to sound realistic, focus on how natural the music feels. Pay attention to:

Detail - Can you hear the subtle nuances in the recording?
Dynamics - Does the music feel lively and expressive?
Soundstage - Can you clearly sense the placement and size of instruments?

Real instruments have a wide range of tones and textures, so your system should reproduce them without harshness or artificial coloration.

Don’t Forget the Cables

Speaker cables also matter. Poor-quality cables can reduce clarity or change the sound in undesirable ways. Good cables help preserve detail and keep the sound balanced.

Choosing the right amplifier takes time, but when paired well, electrostatic speakers can deliver an incredibly lifelike and engaging musical experience.

7. The advantages of full range Electrostatic speakers

Most electrostatic speakers are unable to reproduce the entire audio spectrum without the use of a separate woofer. Some panels don’t reach below 300 Hz, which means they need a woofer to handle both the lower midrange and bass frequencies.

Final, however, offers an impressive range of full-range electrostatic speakers—the 12+, 15+, and 35+ models—capable of covering all the bass from 48, 42 or 30 Hz respectively!

This wide frequency range is important because every musical instrument produces a fundamental tone as well as harmonics that give it its unique character. When a speaker cannot reproduce the whole spectrum with a signal technology, the timbre of the instrument is compromised, and they may sound incomplete or unnatural.

Final’s full-range electrostatic speakers deliver all frequencies with exceptional accuracy in timing, phase and amplitude, allowing you to hear music exactly as the artist intended. Unlike traditional dynamic speakers, which often require large cabinets, multiple drivers and complex crossovers to achieve full-range performance, Final’s elegant electrostatic design provides a more compact solution without compromising sound quality.

Transform your listening experience with Final full-range speakers and enjoy the full richness and realism of every note.

8. Electrostatic speakers: principles

How an Electrostatic Speaker Works

Think of an electrostatic speaker as a very thin, flexible sheet that moves to create sound. Unlike regular speakers, which use a heavy cone and magnet, electrostatic speakers use electrostatic fields to move the diaphragm. Here’s the basic idea:

Thin Diaphragm – The speaker has an extremely light, thin plastic film (the diaphragm), coated with a conductive material, that can vibrate very quickly.
Charged Panels (Stators) – On either side of the diaphragm are two flat panels called stators. These panels are electrically charged and create an electrostatic field.
Sound Signal – When music is played, the electrical signal is applied to the stators which makes the charged diaphragm move back and forth very precisely within the field created by the stators.
Air Movement = Sound – As the diaphragm moves, it pushes and pulls air, which we hear as sound. Because the diaphragm is so light, it can respond extremely quickly to even the tiniest details in the music.

Why They Sound Different

Clear and detailed – The diaphragm is so light that there’s almost no distortion, so you hear music very accurately.
Wide soundstage – Electrostatic speakers create a “big” sound, making instruments feel like they’re coming from real space, not just from the speaker itself.
Smooth highs – High frequencies sound airy and natural because the diaphragm can vibrate very fast without strain.

In short: an electrostatic speaker is like a super-light, electric “sheet” that moves with incredible precision to reproduce music exactly as it was recorded.

9. Specifications all speakers